FIR

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FIR

Woods of the genus Abtes are widespread in the Northern hemisphere. Most of them (37) are found in a region that reaches from Asia Minor to Japan. The Nordmann Fir (A. normanniana) is one these trees, and is known on the European market as a typical Christmas tree.

Description

Botanical name: Abies alba
Overall character: Straight grained, light and resin-free conifer wood with no core coloring and pronounced growth rings.
Color and structure: The sapwood and heartwood are not different in color. The wood has a matte red to yellowish white tint, often with a grey-violet tint.
Characteristics/features: Tear strength: u12-15: 80–95(–120) N/mm²
Shear strength: u12-15 : 6,2–8,4 N/mm²
Areas of use: Due to the great workability and the relatively good technical properties, fir wood can be used in many ways. It is used as roundwood, sawn timber, veneer and in the form of glued components.
Sources: https://www.holzvomfach.de

LARCH

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LARCH

Until the 1990s, the native Larch tree had a rather small role for the German timber industry, when tropical woods became a larger topic, the importance of the Larch tree in garden and landscape areas has increased significantly.

Description

Botanical name: Larix decidua
Overall character: Straight grained, decorative conifer wood with a narrow splint, as well as a distinctive coloring of the core and pronounced growth rings.
Color and structure: The pale red splint is narrow and cntrasts with the yellowish to reddish to orange-brown heartwood, which darkens strongly after light exposure.
Characteristics/features: Natural durability of the European Larch is moderately to slightly durable, whereas the Siberian Larch is durable to moderately durable and preferred for outdoor use.
Areas of use: Versatile medium load construction timber for indoor and outdoor applications. Mainly used in gardening and landscaping.
Sources: https://www.holzvomfach.de

PINE

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PINE

Pine wood is marketed under a variety of names, that are also used for the trees itself. Examples are Scotch Pine, white Pine and sand Pine. Wood that is sold under the name of Baltic red wood, Scotch pine, Nordic or polar Pine in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, usually comes from Scandinavia, Finland or Russia.

Description

Botanical name: Pinus sylvestris
Overall character: Pines grow mostly straight in the stand with a cylindric solid trunk, though the growth habit can heavily depend on the growth region and ecological conditions. Regional Pines can therefore also have crooked-shafted, spirally grown or branched trunks.
Color and structure: Unlike the Spruce and Pine, the sapwood and heartwood are very different in color (heartwood trees). While the 2 to 10 cm wide splint has a yellow to reddish-white color, the heartwood is a reddish yellow shade while fresh, and later develops an auburn shade.
Characteristics/features: Pinewood has an average gross density of 520 kg/m3 with a moisture content of 12-15%. It has a medium weight compared to other softwoods. The mechanical properties of the wood are very good compared to those of Spruce. However, the spreading area is very large and depends on the origin and growth conditions of the Pine.
Areas of use: Pine wood is marketed and used in the form of logs, sawn timber and plywood, and it is also used in the production of wooden materials.
Sources: https://www.holzvomfach.de

SPRUCE

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SPRUCE

The Serbian spruce (P. omorica), the Sibirian Spruce (P. ovata), the Himalaya Spruce (P. smithiana), as well as the North American Engelmann Spruce (P. engelmannii), the white Spruce (P. glauca) and the black Spruce (P. mariana) are of regional significance.

Description

Botanical name: Picea abies
Overall character: Straight grained, light conifer wood without core coloring. Due to its dark growth rings, this wood is structured very clearly.
Color and structure: The sapwood and heartwood are indistinguishable in color. The timber has a yellowish white color and glossy matte finish, darkening under the influence of light to a yellowish brown.
Characteristics/features: Spruce wood is light, soft and relatively elastic and strong. Processing of the wood (fresh and dry) is easy and can be carried out quickly and gently with the help of tools and mechanics, without harming the tools.
Areas of use: Spruce wood is offered as roundwood, sawn timber, veneer and in the form of glued components. It is by far the most widely used timber for building construction and civil engineering, for example in roof-supporting constructions and other industrial constructions, sports facilities, water as well as bridge construction.
Sources: https://www.holzvomfach.de